Question : Read the following information carefully and answer the given questions.
Big dams received a big push from politicians and bureaucracy pouring enormous amounts of borrowed money in the early years of Independence. There has however been hardly any attempt at questioning the extent of damage caused or in evaluating whether the promises of food, water and prosperity for all have actually been realised. The diversion of rivers and construction of a long system of canals in a densely populated country like India will involve displacement of people on a colossal scale and the people affected are never likely to agree with such measures. All over the world, community reaction is to prevent construction of large dams. Preserving rivers in free-flow condition is considered ecologically necessary and the construction of large dams is now legally prohibited in Sweden and also in parts of USA. The technical challenges to be faced in redrawing the geography of the country are many and full of dangerous consequences and the mad rush in pursuit of such a chimera will prove disastrous. The cost of the project is so stupendous that any water made available will cost so much that governments will have to be forever subsidizing farmers. What long-term impact this massive borrowing will have on the economy is difficult to foresee.

Question:

What are the factors which are mentioned in the passage as the disadvantages of the dams?

Option 1: The ecological imbalance caused due to diversion of rivers

Option 2: Shifting of population on a large scale
 

Option 3: The construction of dams is banned in Sweden
 

Option 4: Shifting of people on a large scale and ecological imbalance due to restrictions on the natural flow of rivers

Question : Case Study 8:

JKL Ltd. is a real estate company planning to raise funds for a large-scale construction project.

Question :

JKL Ltd. wants to raise capital for its construction project. Which market should it consider for issuing new securities?

Option 1: Primary market
 

Option 2: Secondary market
 

Option 3: Money market

Option 4: Capital market

Question : Case Study: GHI Construction Company

GHI Construction Company is a well-known firm in the construction industry. They have been using traditional construction techniques but are now planning to adopt sustainable methods.

To overcome the limitations of planning, GHI Construction Company can focus on:

Option 1: Incorporating flexibility in the plans
 

Option 2: Relying solely on top management's decisions
 

Option 3: Limiting employee involvement

Option 4: Adopting a reactive approach

Question : Which of the following is an example of an intermediate good?

Option 1: Bread purchased by a consumer

Option 2: Steel used in the construction of a building

Option 3: A laptop sold to a student

Option 4: A car purchased by a family

Question :  In early urban centers, what was a common method used for urban planning?

Option 1: Random placement of buildings

Option 2: Construction along natural landforms

Option 3: Grid pattern street layout

Option 4:  Building around central religious structures

Question : What is a key consideration in the construction of oil and gas pipelines?

Option 1: The color of the pipes

Option 2: The diameter of the pipes

Option 3: The taste of the oil and gas

Option 4: The music played during construction

Question : There are certain words missing in the passage given below. The options given contain an answer that will fit in those given blanks. Choose the correct word to be used to make the sentence coherent and grammatically correct. 

In 1899 in Wyoming a fossilised skeleton was discovered from which Dippy was cast. It was 1)_____________ by one of the Scottish-American industrialist Andrew Carnegie for the  still under construction Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh, where it still stands .As per the Carnegie Museum website , “Museum director William J Holland organised the 2)________________ to the American west in 1899. After three months of rigrous search, one of the team member discovered a huge toe bone at Sheep’s Creek Wyoming. With further digging led to a huge, long neck dinosaur which was later identified as a sauropod.The news was spread quickly, and before he was even excavated, Dippy was a celebrity. Visitors thronged to the site in Wyoming, which was later dubbed “Camp Carnegie.” After the 3)________________ collection of Dippy’s bones, it was packed in the boxes and the bones were sent back to Pittsburgh in 130 crates.”

Dippy is considered to be one of the most famous single dinosaur skeleton in the world, Dippy has been a subject of several children’s books apart from a book 4)_______________ to the dinosaur, Dippy: The Tale of a Museum Icon. There are various products which celebrates the dinosaur — from mugs to T-shirts, caps to soft toys and also an ice flavour. Dippy has also 5)________________ in many films such as Paddington, Night at the Museum 3 and One of Our Dinosaurs is Missing.

Choose the correct word to be used in blank 3.

Option 1: imported

Option 2:  barbarous
 

Option 3: sufficient
 

Option 4: ruptured

Question : In the context of Kolkata's town planning, what was a significant change in the city's urban landscape in the 19th century?  

Option 1: The introduction of the metro system  
 

Option 2: The construction of the Howrah Bridge  
 

Option 3: The development of the drainage system  

Option 4: The establishment of new market areas  

Question : Comprehension:
 Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Key factors influencing subway air pollution will include station depth, date of construction, type of ventilation (natural/air conditioning), types of brakes (electromagnetic or conventional brake pads) and wheels (rubber or steel) used on the trains, train frequency and more recently the presence or absence of platform screen-door systems. In particular, much subway particulate matter is sourced from moving train parts such as wheels and brake pads, as well as from the steel rails and power-supply materials, making the particles dominantly iron-containing. To date, there is no clear epidemiological indication of abnormal health effects on underground workers and commuters. New York subway workers have been exposed to such air without significant observed impacts on their health, and no increased risk of lung cancer was found among subway train drivers in the Stockholm subway system. But a note of caution is struck by the observations of scholars who found that employees working on the platforms of Stockholm underground, where PM concentrations were greatest, tended to have higher levels of risk markers for cardiovascular disease than ticket sellers and train drivers. The dominantly ferrous particles are mixed with particles from a range of other sources, including rock ballast from the track, biological aerosols such as bacteria and viruses, and air from the outdoors, and driven through the tunnel system on turbulent air currents generated by the trains themselves and ventilation systems.

Question

What is the tone of the speaker?

Option 1: Serious

Option 2: Pessimistic

Option 3: Joyful

Option 4: Informal