Homologous and vestigial organs that is option number 1 is the correct answer.

Homologous organs have a common origin and are built on the same basic fundamental principle but they have variant appearance and perform different functions as well. At the same time, Vestigial organs had important functions in the

Hello Isshika,

The plica semilunaris is a fold of the conjunctiva at the inner corner of the human eye.

The similarity to the nictitating membrane, or third eyelid, of other animals led to the conjecture that it might be the vestige of such a structure, which is still a part

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The organisms which shows the features of two different groups is called connecting link.

This type of organisms show the evolution of advanced group from the primitive group through transitional form.see if you want a very simple example you can think of a virus it is a connecting link

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It is the evolution in other organisms due to the human interference or activities.

In ncert you will get a very popular example of melanic or industrial melanism.

In 1850 the environmental condition of Britain was very less polluting,in that environment predation of melanic moth by the birds was

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Parallel evolutions is generally the development of similar trait in two different species which are not closely related. They share a similar original trait due to similar evolutionary pressure. In this way, the evolution is kind of parallel due to which it is called parallel evolution .

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Convergent evolution is basically when the anatomy of some parts of animals are same but their function is different due to the difference in the surrounding or environmental condition. For example , forelimbs of tetrapods. The anatomy is same but functions are different.

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Marsupials originated in North America and through South America It spreader to other regions,Carnivore mammals evolved in North America and started predating on the Marsupials.

Before the Carnivore mammals could reach to Australian region the Australian realm got separated from the main land with Marsupial Ancestors and in course

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New traits can also come from transfer of genes between populations, as in migration, or between species, in horizontal gene transfer. Evolution occurs when these heritable differences become more common or rare in a population, either non-randomly through natural selection or randomly through genetic drift.

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One of the strongest evidences for common descent comes from gene sequences. Comparative sequence analysis examines the relationship between the DNA sequences of different species, producing several lines ofevidence that confirm Darwin's original hypothesis of common descent.

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