Correct Answer: P and S

Solution : According to the given information, the family tree is as follows –

Here, the quadrilateral represents the male, and the circular figure represents the female in the figure.
So, from the above family tree, it can be said that P (Teacher) is married to S (Salesman), and Q (Doctor) is married to R (Lawyer).

As per the options given, P and S are married couples. Hence, the second option is correct.

Correct Answer: by the constitution

Solution : The correct answer is by the Constitution.

The Supreme Court of India was established by the Constitution. A Chief Justice and seven other judges were to make up the Supreme Court under the original 1950 Constitution, leaving it to Parliament to increase this number. In the early years, all of the Supreme Court's judges sat together to hear the cases that were brought before them.

Correct Answer: Mandatory spending is required by law, while discretionary spending is optional

Solution : The correct answer is (a). Mandatory spending is required by law, while discretionary spending is optional.

Mandatory spending refers to government expenditures that are required by law and are typically determined by entitlement programs, such as Social Security, Medicare, and interest on the national debt. These programs have specific eligibility criteria, and the government is obligated to make payments to eligible individuals or entities.

It's important to note that while discretionary spending is technically optional in the sense that it can be adjusted, it does not mean it is entirely discretionary in practice. Many discretionary programs are considered essential and receive consistent funding year after year, reflecting their importance in government operations and public services.

Correct Answer: Both the assertion and reason are correct and related.

Solution : The correct answer is  (A) Both the assertion and reason are correct and related.

The assertion states that when the price of a good decreases, its quantity demanded increases, which is supported by the law of demand. The law of demand states that there is an inverse relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded, holding other factors constant. When the price of a good decreases, consumers are more willing and able to purchase it, leading to an increase in quantity demanded. Therefore, both the assertion and reason are correct and related.

Correct Answer: Laws mde and enforced by the government

Solution : Correct Answer is Laws made and enforced by the government

It establishes how citizens should relate to the state and to one another and is created and enforced by the state's competent authorities. Only a simple majority is needed in Parliament to pass an ordinary law. A constitutional law is generally set apart from an ordinary law as being normal. Persons who are detained or arrested are protected by Article 22. Ordinary law and preventive detention law are its two components. 

Correct Answer: accused

Solution : The fourth option is correct.

When a mob bypasses legal procedures and takes justice into its own hands, it targets the accused, someone it believes is guilty of a crime.

The term accused refers to a person who has been formally charged with or accused of committing a crime or wrongdoing.

Correct Answer: proportionate increase in consumption is less than a proportionate increase in income.

Solution : The correct answer is a proportionate increase in consumption is less than a proportionate increase in income.

According to the Psychological Law of Consumption, when income rises, consumption rises as well, although at a slower rate than income. It means that people are more likely to save a portion of their higher earnings. People may save a portion of their income once their fundamental requirements are covered to save for future needs or to attain financial objectives.

Correct Answer: To spoil a moment

Solution : The correct choice is the third option.

Explanation:

The idiom rained on the parade is used metaphorically to describe the act of intentionally spoiling or dampening someone's joy, celebration, or positive experience. In the context of the sentence, the mother-in-law deliberately took a negative action by asking the new bride to change the dress of her choice, thus spoiling the positive moment associated with the bride's selection.

Correct Answer: law of inertia

Solution : The correct answer is the law of inertia.

Newton's first law is also known as the law of inertia. The first law of Newton states if a body is at rest or moving at a constant speed in a straight line, then it will remain at rest or keep moving in a straight line at constant speed unless or until it is acted upon by a force. It means an object will not change its motion unless a force acts on it.

Correct Answer: A fielder pulls his hands gradually with the moving ball while holding a catch.

Solution : The correct answer is A fielder pulls his hands gradually with the moving ball while holding a catch.

Newton's third law of motion states that, for every action, there is an equal, and opposite reaction. Colliding with a player while kicking a football and feeling hurt, As the sailor jumps in the forward direction, the boat moves backwards, and A forward force on the bullet, and recoil of the gun are all examples of Newton's third law of motion. "A fielder pulls his hands gradually with the moving ball while holding a catch" is an example of Newton's second law of motion.