Materials Management
Question : Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows: Once upon a time, a psychology professor walked around on a stage while teaching stress management principles to an auditorium filled with students. As she raised a glass of water, everyone expected they'd be asked the typical "glass half empty or glass half full" question. Instead, with a smile on her face, the professor asked, "How heavy is this glass of water I'm holding?" Students shouted out answers ranging from eight ounces to a couple of pounds. She replied, "From my perspective, the absolute weight of this glass doesn't matter. It all depends on how long I hold it.
If I hold it for a minute or two, it's fairly light. If I hold it for an hour straight, its weight might make my arm ache a little. If I hold it for a day straight, my arm will likely cramp up and feel completely numb and paralyzed, forcing me to drop the glass to the floor. In each case, the weight of the glass doesn't change, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it feels to me." As the class shook their heads in agreement, she continued, "Your stresses and worries in life are very much like this glass of water. Think about them for a while and nothing happens. Think about them a bit longer and you begin to ache a little. Think about them all day long, and you will feel completely numb and paralyzed incapable of doing anything else until you drop them."
Question: The professor was of which subject?
Option 1: psychology
Option 2: biology
Option 3: chemistry
Option 4: physics
Correct Answer: psychology
Solution : The correct option is 1 i.e "Psychology." Explanation:
Let's examine the opening sentence of the passage: - Once upon a time, a psychology professor walked around on a stage while teaching stress management principles to an auditorium filled with students.' - It is clear from a thorough analysis of the aforementioned statement that the professor was a specialist in psychology. Therefore, the appropriate response is "psychology."
Question : Which technique of scientific management aim at eliminating unnecessary diversity of products?
Option 1: Method study
Option 2: Simplification of work
Option 3: Motion study
Option 4: None of the above
Correct Answer: Simplification of work
Solution : Simplification refers to eliminating unnecessary variety size in grades of the product manufactured by the organisation. It aim to eliminate unnecessary diversity of products.
Hence, option B is correct.
Question : Case Study: ABC Retailers
ABC Retailers is a chain of stores specializing in fashion apparel. They have a hierarchical management structure with top management, middle-level management, and lower-level management. The company aims to provide a wide range of trendy clothing options and outstanding customer service.
ABC Retailers' management team believes in empowering employees to make decisions and take initiatives. This reflects the management principle of:
Option 1: Equity
Option 2: Authority and responsibility
Option 3: Flexibility
Option 4: Initiative
Correct Answer: Initiative
Solution : The correct answer is (d) Initiative
Initiative in management principles encourages employees to take the initiative, be proactive, and seek opportunities for growth and development. It involves empowering employees to make decisions and take actions to contribute to the organization's success. This principle aligns with fostering a culture of employee empowerment and allowing them to be proactive in their roles.
Question : Case Study: ABC Electronics encourages its employees to take the initiative and propose innovative ideas. This reflects the application of which principle of management?
Option 1: Unity of direction
Option 2: Order
Option 3: Initiative
Option 4: Discipline
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Initiative
The principle of "Initiative" in management encourages employees to take proactive steps, make suggestions, and propose innovative ideas to improve processes, products, or services within the organization. ABC Electronics encouraging its employees to take the initiative and propose innovative ideas aligns with the principle of initiative, fostering a culture of creativity, innovation, and active participation among its workforce.
Question : Case Study: XYZ Electronics Pvt. Ltd.
XYZ Electronics Pvt. Ltd. is a growing company specializing in the manufacturing of electronic gadgets. The management believes in effective directing to ensure smooth operations. Consider the following scenario to answer the questions.
Question:
What is the primary focus of the directing process at XYZ Electronics?
Option 1: Reducing employee autonomy and decision-making
Option 2: Creating conflicts within the organization
Option 3: Focusing solely on individual tasks
Option 4: Guiding and supervising employees towards achieving objectives
Correct Answer: Guiding and supervising employees towards achieving objectives
Solution : The correct answer is (d) Guiding and supervising employees towards achieving objectives.
The directing process involves providing guidance, instruction, support, and supervision to employees to ensure that they understand their roles and responsibilities and are working effectively towards achieving the organization's objectives. It aims to align individual and team efforts with the goals and vision of the organization. The directing process is intended to lead and coordinate employees, enabling them to contribute to organizational success while fostering collaboration and effective communication.
Question : Traditional property resources are vital because they:
Option 1: Offer unlimited economic opportunities for development
Option 2: Are essential for the cultural and ecological sustainability of communities
Option 3: Can be easily replaced with modern technological solutions
Option 4: Do not require any form of management or conservation
Correct Answer: Are essential for the cultural and ecological sustainability of communities
Solution : Traditional property resources are vital because they are essential for the cultural and ecological sustainability of communities, providing a basis for their livelihoods and maintaining biodiversity.
Question : Case Study: ABC Retail Corporation aims to improve efficiency by optimizing work methods and eliminating unnecessary actions. Which scientific management technique is appropriate for this purpose?
Option 1: Time study
Option 2: Motion study
Option 3: Method analysis
Option 4: Fatigue study
Correct Answer: Method analysis
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Method analysis
Method analysis, a scientific management technique, is appropriate for improving efficiency by optimizing work methods and eliminating unnecessary actions. It involves analyzing and breaking down a task into its constituent steps, studying each step, and identifying the most efficient way to perform the task. By optimizing the methods used to complete a task, ABC Retail Corporation can eliminate wasteful actions, streamline processes, and enhance overall efficiency in their operations.
The management function of leading in ABC Retailers involves:
Option 1: Setting performance standards and measuring actual performance
Option 2: Guiding and motivating employees to achieve organizational goals
Option 3: Monitoring and evaluating employee performance
Option 4: Assigning tasks and responsibilities to employees
Correct Answer: Guiding and motivating employees to achieve organizational goals
Solution : The correct answer is (b) Guiding and motivating employees to achieve organizational goals
Leading is the management function that focuses on inspiring, guiding, and motivating employees to work toward the achievement of the organization's objectives. It involves creating a positive work environment, communicating a clear vision, and supporting and developing employees to help them reach their full potential. Leading specifically focuses on influencing and motivating people within the organization to contribute to its success.
Question : Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
The world is undergoing rapid changes in the knowledge landscape. With various dramatic scientific and technological advances, such as the rise of big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, many unskilled jobs worldwide may be taken over by machines, while the need for a skilled workforce, particularly involving mathematics, computer science, and data science, in conjunction with multidisciplinary abilities across the sciences, social sciences, and humanities, (1)________ increasingly in greater demand. With climate change, increasing pollution, and depleting natural resources, there will be a sizeable shift in how we (2)_______ the world's energy, water, food, and sanitation needs, again resulting in the need for new skilled labour, particularly in biology, chemistry, physics, agriculture, climate science, and social science. The growing (3)________ of epidemics and pandemics will also (4)_______ collaborative research in infectious disease management and development of vaccines, and the resultant social issues heighten the need for multidisciplinary learning. There will be a growing (5)__________ for humanities and art as India moves towards becoming a developed country as well as among the three largest economies in the world.
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank number 5.
Option 1: command
Option 2: extort
Option 3: demand
Option 4: claim
Correct Answer: demand
Solution : The third option is the correct choice.
The context of the sentence discusses growing something for humanities and art. Demand fits well in this context, indicating an increasing need or desire for the humanities and art.
The meanings of the other options are as follows:
Therefore, the correct answer is demand.
Solution : The correct answer is (c) Initiative.
Initiative is a fundamental principle of management that encourages employees to take proactive steps and suggest innovative ideas or improvements in their work environment. In this case study, ABC Electronics is encouraging its employees to take the initiative and propose innovative ideas, which aligns with the principle of initiative. Initiative involves encouraging employees to take the first step or be proactive in suggesting improvements, new approaches, or innovative ideas. ABC Electronics is fostering an environment where employees feel empowered to come forward with their ideas, making this an application of the initiative principle.
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