Correct Answer: Initiative

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Initiative

Initiative in management principles encourages employees to take the initiative, be proactive, and seek opportunities for growth and development. It involves empowering employees to take on new responsibilities, learn and develop new skills, and contribute to the organization's success beyond their basic job requirements. This principle aligns with the idea of fostering a culture of continuous learning and improvement within the organization.

Correct Answer: footprint
 

Solution : The correct answer is footprint.

But just like any other activity, the larger the scale, the greater is its ecological footprint.

Explanation:

Only the word "footprint" will fill the gap and allow the sentence to make sense.
It refers to the region that something occupies or influences.

Meaning of the rest of the words

Binary- Something with two parts is said to be binary.

Nonplus- a state of being very surprised and confused.

Outrage- an extremely strong reaction of anger,shock.

Correct Answer: Functional structure

Solution : Functional structure describes the organisational structure of Roasted Coffee Corporation. By implementing functional structure, Roasted Coffee Corporation would also gain the following three benefits:
a) Occupational specialisation, when the focus is on particular functions.
b) Within a department, control and coordination are necessary due to the similarity of the duties being carried out.
c) Different tasks would receive the proper attention.
Hence, the correct option is 1.

Correct Answer: Both assertions and reasons are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Both assertions and reasons are correct, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

The assertion that scientific management principles aim to increase efficiency through job specialization is correct. Scientific management, as advocated by Frederick Taylor, indeed emphasizes breaking down tasks into specialized components to enhance efficiency and productivity.

The reason provided, stating that it allows employees to focus on specific tasks, leading to expertise, is also correct. Job specialization enables employees to concentrate on specific tasks, leading to expertise and proficiency in those tasks, which, in turn, contributes to increased efficiency.

Correct Answer: Better product quality and increased productivity

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Better product quality and increased productivity

Investing in training employees in the latest technologies and innovative techniques resulted in improved skills and knowledge among the workforce. This, in turn, led to better product quality and increased productivity. The training helped the company adapt to technological advancements, enhancing its competitiveness in the market.

Correct Answer: Fatigue Study

Solution : The correct answer is (a) Fatigue Study

Fatigue study involves the study of employee fatigue and determining the appropriate rest intervals to improve productivity. It aims to reduce employee fatigue and ensure optimal productivity by understanding the physical and mental strain experienced during tasks. This directly aligns with the scenario.

In summary, XYZ Engineering using fatigue study to understand the physical and mental strain experienced by employees during their tasks aligns with the technique of "Fatigue Study," which involves studying and addressing employee fatigue to enhance productivity and efficiency.

Correct Answer: Foster a positive work environment

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Foster a positive work environment.

Empathy and patience are important qualities for a supervisor to foster a positive work environment. Empathy allows the supervisor to understand and relate to the concerns and feelings of their team members, promoting a supportive and understanding atmosphere. Patience enables the supervisor to listen, address issues calmly, and work through challenges with the team, contributing to a positive and harmonious workplace. These qualities are essential for promoting a healthy and collaborative work environment, not conflicts or autocratic approaches.

Correct Answer: Balanced regional development

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Balanced regional development.

In the given case, the allocation of INR 700 crores for the construction of health infrastructure in the states of Karnataka, Orissa, and Bihar indicates the objective of balanced regional development in the government budget.

Balanced regional development aims to promote equitable development across different regions or states within a country. It involves allocating resources and investments to address regional disparities and ensure that all regions have access to necessary infrastructure, services, and opportunities for development.

By allocating funds specifically for the construction of health infrastructure in these states, the government is addressing the healthcare needs of these regions and promoting balanced development across different parts of the country.

Correct Answer: Taking corrective financial action.

Solution : The correct answer is (d) Taking corrective financial action.

In the process of control, the last step typically involves taking corrective action. Once financial performance is measured and compared with targets if any discrepancies or issues are identified, the organization must take corrective financial action to address these problems and bring performance in line with the established targets or standards. This step is essential to ensure that the organization's financial goals and objectives are met.

Correct Answer: Both internal and external factors

Solution : The correct answer is (c) Both internal and external factors

Management in any organization, including ABC Retailers, is influenced by a combination of both internal and external factors. Internal factors can include the organization's structure, culture, resources, and internal strengths and weaknesses. External factors can encompass the competitive environment, economic conditions, legal and regulatory factors, technological advancements, and changes in the market or industry. Effective management requires consideration of both internal and external factors to make informed decisions and adapt to the changing business environment.