Agricultural
Question : Comprehension: In the following passage some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the alternatives given. Select the most appropriate option for each blank.
The locust is an insect that belongs to the family of grasshoppers. These insects are essentially harmless (1)_________they meet certain circumstances under which they (2) __________more abundant and change their behaviour. India, Pakistan and Iran (3)_____________currently thinking over the locust plague threat (4) ___________over their economies. When these locusts meet (5) ____________environmental conditions, they become gregarious and (6) _____________breeding abundantly. With their population becoming (7) ____________, they form swarms and keep moving (8) __________areas damaging the crops. These swarms attacking (9) ___________and thereby devastating the entire agricultural economy is (10) ____________is commonly referred to as locust plague.
Question: Select the most appropriate option for blank no. 8.
Option 1: against
Option 2: across
Option 3: about
Option 4: around
Correct Answer: across
Solution : The correct choice is the second option.
The word across in this context specifies the direction of the locust swarms' movement. It means they move horizontally, covering different areas.
The phrase across areas implies a widespread and expansive movement, indicating that the locust swarms are not confined to a specific region but are traversing various places, causing damage to crops as they go.
Therefore, the right word to fill in the blank is across.
Question : One of the main challenges in implementing land reforms in India was:
Option 1: High urbanization rates
Option 2: Lack of agricultural technology
Option 3: Resistance from tenant farmers
Option 4: Inadequate legal and administrative support
Correct Answer: Inadequate legal and administrative support
Solution : One of the main challenges in implementing land reforms in India was inadequate legal and administrative support, which hindered the effective enforcement and execution of land reform policies, leading to delays and inefficiencies.
Question : The term 'Nehruvian Model of Development' refers to:
Option 1: A model focused on agricultural development
Option 2: A model focused on industrialization
Option 3: A model focused on education and healthcare
Option 4: A model focused on foreign trade
Correct Answer: A model focused on industrialization
Solution : The correct answer is (b) A model focused on industrialization
The term 'Nehruvian Model of Development' refers to a model focused on industrialization. The Nehruvian Model of Development was based on the vision of India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, who emphasized the importance of industrialization as a means to achieve economic growth and self-reliance. Nehru believed that a strong industrial base was necessary for India's progress and sought to promote heavy industries, public sector enterprises, and a planned economy. The model included the establishment of large-scale industries, infrastructure development, and investment in science and technology. It aimed to transform India from an agrarian economy to an industrialized nation.
Question : A criticism of the Green Revolution is that it:
Option 1: Led to a decline in agricultural exports
Option 2: Reduced the profitability of farming
Option 3: Increased the vulnerability of small farmers
Option 4: Eliminated rural poverty
Correct Answer: Increased the vulnerability of small farmers
Solution : A criticism of the Green Revolution is that it increased the vulnerability of small farmers by favoring large landholders who could afford the new technology, leading to greater disparities in rural areas.
Question : "Agricultural census" is conducted in India at an interval of:
Option 1: six years
Option 2: five years
Option 3: four years
Option 4: ten years
Correct Answer: five years
Solution : The correct option is five years.
The agricultural census in India is conducted at an interval of five years. This census provides comprehensive and detailed information on various aspects of agriculture, including land use, cropping patterns, irrigation and livestock, among others. The data collected during the agricultural census is crucial for policy formulation, planning and the overall development of the agricultural sector in the country.
Question : What was a major criticism of the suspension of Five-year Plans in India?
Option 1: It led to over-dependence on foreign aid.
Option 2: It hindered long-term economic planning.
Option 3: It resulted in excessive privatization of industries.
Option 4: It caused a decline in agricultural productivity.
Correct Answer: It hindered long-term economic planning.
Solution : A major criticism of the suspension of Five-year Plans in India was that it hindered long-term economic planning, disrupting the systematic approach to development that the plans aimed to provide.
Question : What has been a major factor in the expansion of China's economy in the post-Mao era?
Option 1: Isolationism
Option 2: Export-led growth
Option 3: State-owned enterprises
Option 4: Agricultural reforms
Correct Answer: Export-led growth
Solution : Export-led growth has been a major factor in the expansion of China's economy in the post-Mao era, with the country becoming one of the world's largest exporters.
Question : Directions: A statement is given followed by two inferences I and II. You have to consider the statement to be true even if it seems to be at variance with commonly known facts. You have to decide which of the given inferences, if any, follow from the given statement. Statement: Extensive use of pesticides in agricultural production contaminates soil and water, remains in the crops, and finally enters the food chain, thereby posing a threat to human beings. Inferences: I. Excessive use of pesticides in agricultural production is not good for people. II. Excessive use of pesticides in agricultural production can have a bad effect on water.
Option 1: If only II follows
Option 2: If neither I nor II follows
Option 3: If only I follows
Option 4: If both I and II follow
Correct Answer: If both I and II follow
Solution : Given: Statement: Extensive use of pesticides in agricultural production contaminates soil and water, remains in the crops, and finally enters the food chain, thereby posing a threat to human beings.
Inferences: I. Excessive use of pesticides in agricultural production is not good for people – From the given statement, it is evident that extensive use of pesticides in agricultural production when entering the food chain, poses a threat to human beings. Pesticides in the food chain will directly harm the health of people. II. Excessive use of pesticides in agricultural production can have a bad effect on water – From the given statement, it is evident that extensive use of pesticides in agricultural production when used in the soil will also contaminate the groundwater which people use for drinking purposes.
So, both I and II follow. Hence, the fourth option is correct.
Question : "Taxes on agricultural income" is listed in the_______list given in the Seventh Schedule in the Constitution of India.
Option 1: Union
Option 2: State
Option 3: Global
Option 4: Concurrent
Correct Answer: State
Solution : The correct option is State
Taxes on agricultural income are specified in the State List of the Indian Constitution's Seventh Schedule. It means that the authority to create laws and levy taxes on agricultural income is in the hands of state governments. The State List highlights subjects over which only state governments have legislative authority. Agricultural revenue is now free from income tax at the national level in India. This list includes topics such as police, public health, education and municipal government.
Question : The evolution from feudalism to commercialized agriculture during the 16 th and 17 th centuries resulted in:
Option 1: A decrease in the variety of crops grown
Option 2: An increase in the use of barter trade
Option 3: A shift towards market-oriented production
Option 4: A reduction in the need for agricultural labor
Correct Answer: A shift towards market-oriented production
Solution : Correct Option: Option 3 Explanation: The evolution from feudalism to commercialized agriculture during the 16th and 17 th centuries resulted in a shift towards market-oriented production, where farmers began to grow cash crops for sale in markets rather than solely for subsistence.
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