Correct Answer: Law of Diminishing marginal utility

Solution : The correct answer is (b) Law of Diminishing marginal utility.

The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility, also known as the First Law of Gossen, states that as a consumer consumes more units of a specific good, the additional utility or satisfaction derived from each additional unit decreases. In other words, as consumption increases, the marginal utility decreases. This law helps explain why consumers are willing to pay less for additional units of a good and why they seek to allocate their resources in a way that maximizes their overall satisfaction.

Correct Answer: Company 

Solution : Answer = Company 

An artificial person created by law refers to a company. Unlike sole traderships and partnerships, which are business structures formed by individuals, a company is a separate legal entity established under the law. It has rights, responsibilities, and liabilities distinct from its owners, making it an independent legal entity. A company is an artificial legal person enjoying a separate entity from its members.

Correct Answer: Boyle's law

Solution : The correct option is Boyle's law.

The law is Boyle's law, formulated by physicist and chemist Robert Boyle in 1662. Boyle's law states that the pressure of a given amount of gas is inversely proportional to its volume at a constant temperature. In other words, when the volume of a gas decreases, the pressure increases, and vice versa, as long as the temperature remains constant.

Correct Answer: (A) and (D) only
 

Solution :

Newton’s second law of motion is an expression of the interrelationship among force, mass and acceleration. This law is known as the law of acceleration and law of momentum.

Correct Answer: Finance Commission

Solution : The correct answer is the Finance Commission.

The President constitutes the Finance Commission, a body established by the Constitution. It establishes guidelines for how the Centre should allocate funds from the India Consolidated Fund to the states as aid and makes recommendations for ways to boost state resources.

Correct Answer: Jurisprudence

Solution : The first option is the correct choice.

Jurisprudence is the correct one-word substitute for the theory or philosophy of law.

The meanings of the other options are as follows:

• Pacifism refers to a different concept, which is a belief in peace and opposition to war.
• Cosmology refers to the study of the universe's origin and structure, which is unrelated to the theory of law.
• Philia refers to a type of love or friendship that is not related to the theory or philosophy of law.

Correct Answer: Daniel Bernoulli

Solution : The correct option is Daniel Bernoulli.

Bernoulli's principle, which is named after Daniel Bernoulli, a Swiss mathematician and physicist, states that the total energy per unit mass of flowing fluid at any point in the subsurface (or any point in the flow) is the sum of its kinetic energy, potential energy, and fluid pressure energy. This principle is fundamental in fluid dynamics and is used to explain various phenomena, including the behaviour of fluids in pipes, the lift of an aeroplane wing, and much more.

Correct Answer: Reaction

Solution : It is the third law of motion . According to this law , "For every action,there is always an equal and opposite reaction. Example: Swimming--- A swimmer pushes the water backwards (action) . The water pushes the swimmer forward (reaction) with the same force.

Correct Answer: Charter Act, 1833

Solution : The correct option is the Charter Act, of 1833.

The Charter Act of 1833 was a significant piece of legislation enacted by the British Parliament regarding the governance of British India. The act marked the end of the East India Company's trade monopoly with China and the East Indies. It allowed private traders to engage in these trades. The act expanded the Governor-General's Council with the addition of four law members to help with legislative and legal matters.

Correct Answer: 1865

Solution : The correct option is 1865.

John Alexander Newlands proposed the "Law of Octaves" in 1865. According to the Law of Octaves, chemical elements display comparable properties after every eighth element when grouped in increasing atomic weight order.