Annamalai University
- Fees: ₹ 48,060
The scientific study of marine life and organisms present in the sea is called marine biology. Marine biologists inspect the population behaviours or physiology, the condition of habitats and the effects of human activity on the animals and their habitats are studied. Marine biology consists of a variety of subjects like pathology, biochemistry, ecology, ocean farming, anatomy, development, reproduction, and conservation. Those who can work for long hours should opt for this course. There is a wide range of career options in marine biology. Marine biologists can go for academic research, laboratory work or fieldwork.
A bachelor’s degree is required for entry-level jobs in private research organisations and biotechnology companies. Doctoral degrees are for faculty positions and other jobs that allow you to research on your own. Many universities and colleges in India are offering marine biology for aspirants.
Undergraduate Level
To pursue undergraduate marine biology courses like Bachelor of Science in marine biology the candidate has to fulfil the following criteria.
Students should have cleared their 10+2 in science stream with biology as additional subjects are eligible.
The candidate should score a minimum of 55% during their 10+2 exams.
Direct admissions based on cut off are given in a few colleges.
Particular colleges conduct their entrance tests to select candidates for a marine biology course. Those who clear the entrance exam are given admissions.
Postgraduate Level
Candidates must have completed a bachelor’s degree in life sciences such as botany, aquaculture, marine biology, zoology, biochemistry, microbiology and biotechnology.
The minimum pass percentage must be 55-60% in bachelor’s degree. Universities offering M.Sc./M.Phil./PhD conduct their entrance exam for admission.
Selection is based on the performance of the candidates in the entrance examination.
Entrance Exam for Marine Biology
CSIR UGC NET- The University Grants Commission National Eligibility Test is conducted by the National Test Agency only for the eligibility of assistant professor or Junior Research Fellowship. Candidates who have scored at least 55% marks in master’s degree or equivalent examinations in universities are eligible. It comprises three parts. All three parts of the question paper must be attended. Multiple choice questions are asked in all three parts for 200 marks. The duration of the CSIR UGC NET is 3 hours.
AIIMS PG- All India Institute of Medical Sciences conducts this examination online. The duration of this exam is three hours, and multiple-choice questions are asked to be answered for 200 marks. Admission into the PG courses is granted to students after they clear the examination. Qualified candidates get admission in one among the seven AIIMS.
JRF- Junior Research Fellowship is held twice in a year; students who clear JRF can pursue PhD or research in college or university level based on their performance.
AURCET- Andhra University Research Common Entrance Test is conducted by Andhra University. It consists of two papers with multiple-choice questions. Candidates will be exempted from giving the test if they have cleared exams like CSIR-UGC-NET, APSET, RGNF, ICMR and M.Phil.
There is a huge variety of job profiles to choose from after graduating in marine biology. Most of the roles require research and scientific skills, specialising in a particular area and technical skills. Jobs are in coastal management, invertebrate biodiversity, fisheries biology, reef ecology or marine pollution.
Relevant experience after your degree is essential to have a successful career in the future. Students who are interested in fieldwork and are comfortable working for short term contracts are suitable. Candidates with a capability to work with a variety of people from government to local people and many more are needed. Strong team working enthusiasts make research and laboratory work easier. Students who are physically fit and practically adventurous are a good match. You can expect a classroom-based or a field-based career according to your preference.
Minimum Fees | Maximum Fees | |||
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DOCTORAL |
Bachelor’s degree in marine biology is for 3 years divided into six semesters. Subjects of marine biology vary from college to college. Few subjects include in marine biology are,
Fundamentals of Marine Ecology
Chemical Oceanography
Chemistry
Botany and Zoology
Biology of Marine Organisms
Fundamentals of Fishery Science
Marine Geology
Marine Pollution
Marine Pharmacology
Aquaculture
Masters degree in marine biology is for two years. The syllabus comprises of the following subjects,
Marine Chemistry
Marine Microbiology
Sedimentology
Marine Biochemistry
Dynamic Oceanography
Marine Biology Dissertation
Marine Ecology Practical
Marine Microbiology Practical
A degree in marine biology contains countless opportunities from being a biologist to unravelling the secrets of the oceans. The scope of marine biology is huge, and there is something for students for their interest. Ocean engineering is said to be the highest paying job after marine biology.
Other jobs following ocean engineering are marine biologist, marine mammal trainer, marine archaeologist, oceanographer, marine researcher, aquatic veterinarian and scuba diving instructor. All the above-mentioned diverse careers make marine biology fun and exciting. The career is rewarding in India and abroad as well.
The average salary for a fresher in marine biology is Rs. 35,000 - 45,000 in India. It increases with experience, and the same fresher can get Rs. 75,000 - 1,00,000 at a foreign organization. This proves that marine biology is a lucrative career with a high salary package and satisfying job roles.
Sea Level Rise- Rising sea levels are a result of a warming climate. This is one of the worst impacts of global warming. One thing we can to curb this effect is cutting our greenhouse gas emissions can help the situation. Using water efficiently and reducing carbon footprint should be considered.
Technology- There are many technologies used by marine biologists. Computers are used by them in research and writing. Biostatistical programs are used to conclude marine populations. Microcomputer programs are used for word processing entering data on a spreadsheet. High-frequency radars, sea gliders, animal telemetry, buoy system, drifters, underwater hydrophone, cold cards, geographical information system(GIS), SONAR, satellite oceanography, ROVs are some of the other technologies used in marine biology.
Satellite Oceanography- Instruments placed on a satellite can obtain data from all over the world in a short time. These instruments are used to measure the temperature of the ocean surface, the height of the water, the speed of the wind above the water and many other things.
SONAR (Sound navigation ranging)- A technique that uses sound propagation in underwater to navigate communicate with or detect objects or under the surface of the water such as other vessels.
Geographical Information System (GIS)- GIS is used in oceanography and marine biology also. Satellite imagery to identify, mitigate and monitor habitat loss is the application.
Job Profiles of Marine Biology Professionals
Marine biology professionals work under many job titles like wildlife biologist, zoologist, fish and wildlife biologist, fisheries biologist, aquatic biologist, conservation biologist, and biological technician. Majority of marine biologists work in state and government agencies.
The job positions offer job security and more opportunity for promotion. Research laboratories or consulting firms also consist of marine biologist positions. There is a rising demand for a marine biologist who is passionate and talented in their domain. Teachers are also welcome to the field. College and educational institutions hire them as an assistant and chief professor.
Job Profile | Description |
Marine Biologist | A Marine Biologist researches life on oceans and other saltwater environments. They observe and analyse data, conduct experiments, and rehabilitate injured animals. |
Fisheries Biologist | A Fisheries Biologist studies aquatic ecosystem to determine population dynamics and the impacts of them. Identify fish and other types of marine life. |
Biological Technician | A Biological Technician sets up, maintains and cleans laboratory instruments and equipment. They gather and prepare biological samples such as blood, food and bacteria cultures for laboratory analysis. |
Aquatic Biologist | Organisms in lakes, streams and ponds are studied by an Aquatic Biologist. Aquatic terrestrial ecosystems, fish and wildlife habitat, population assessment and environmental impacts are assessed by them. |
Professor | A Professor gives lectures on policy, planning, and management of aquatic activities. They conduct expeditions on fishing and research vessels. |
Fishery Data Manager | A Fishery Data Manager oversees the activities that take place in a fishery. They monitor fishing growth, prepping, maintaining equipment and screening cultivation areas are responsibilities of a fishery data manager. |
Reef Restoration Project Manager | A Reef Restoration Manager makes sure everything is in place to make restoration function smoothly. |
Top Recruiters in Marine Biology Sector
Marine biologists have the privilege to work in the private and government sector as well. Top recruiting areas include universities, international organisations, marine research institutes, government agencies, commercial companies and non-profit organisations. Top recruiting companies are:
Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute
Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture
Il India
Meteorological Survey of India
Department of Oceanography
Geological Survey of India
WaterSports Simple India Pvt Ltd.
National Institute of Oceanography
Vertex Infosoft Solution Pvt Ltd
Jacobs Engineering Group Inc
Pfizer Inc
Average salaries for some eminent job profiles in marine biology are mentioned below for reference purposes.
Job Profile | Average Salary |
Marine Biologist | Rs. 5-9 lakh p.a. (Approx.) |
Fisheries Biologist | Rs. 6-8 lakh p.a. (Approx.) |
Biological Technician | Rs. 5-7 lakh p.a. (Approx.) |
Aquatic Biologist | Rs. 7-9 lakh p.a. (Approx.) |
Professor | Rs. 7-10 lakh p.a. (Approx.) |
Reef Restoration Manager | Rs. 6-8 lakh p.a. (Approx.) |
Technical Skills- If you are a technician, laboratory skills like sequencing, writing risk assessments and standard operating procedures with strong numeracy and IT skills are a must.
Passion- Students who are passionate about the marine environment and are interested in aquatic life are best suited. Only such people can work patiently in any environment and excel in fieldwork.
Other Soft Skills- Excellent numerical and statistical skills are needed. Patience and good observation skills are mandatory. Working in a team and personal communication skills are necessary since marine biologists deal with a lot of people. Good written and oral skills are useful when writing risk assessments and many other documents.
Analytical Mind- A methodical and analytical mind for analysing and interpreting data giving attention to detail for recording observations and accuracy in results must be possessed.
Marine biology deals with the study of oceans and their biological organisms. It is a study of all living organisms in the water. A wide variety of subjects is covered under marine biology. Several areas like physical oceanography, marine chemistry, marine biology and marine geology. This course explores the life that deals with the various depth stages of oceans like underwater animals, plants, corals, insects, microorganisms, and tiny creatures.
Detailed knowledge of the biology of various underwater animals and plants, their habits and life cycle are imparted to students. The course then happens to be one of the interesting courses opted by students. Doctoral studies are designed for candidates who want to research in the field of marine biology. The future of the candidates is assured that they become Researchers, biologists and experts in marine biology.
Answer :
Careers in marine biology are research-based and require an undergraduate degree. The undergraduate degree offers semi-employed positions on a conservation science project or goes straight into volunteering. Postgraduate studies are required for nigger career options.
Answer :
University work is usually lab-based. If you are interested in fieldwork, research is done in research institutions. Fieldwork can be laborious, and you have to work for hours a day at sea. But the outcomes are rewarding for fieldwork.
Answer :
The space marine biologists work is not permanent; they work in research vessel universities, and scuba diving. The effort is high, and the pay is huge. They get to explore many things. The career turns out to be much exciting for passionate ones.
Answer :
University research centres, laboratories, private companies, government research laboratories, and non-profit environmental advocacy organisations are places where marine biologists work.
Answer :
Marine biology jobs are hard to get, as there is a lot of competition. There are only a few job openings but those who love to travel and work offshore and fieldwork, are eligible based on the criteria set up they are hired easily.
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